Ngā Pūrongo Kararehe: Ngā whanaketanga o te rangahau rewharewha manu

Ngā Pūrongo 01

Te kitenga tuatahi o te momo H4N6 o te huaketo rewharewha manu i roto i ngā parera manu (Anas platyrhynchos) i Iharaira

Avishai Lublin, Nikki Thie, Irina Shkoda, Luba Simanov, Gila Kahila Bar-Gal, Yigal Farnoushi, Roni King, Wayne M Getz, Pauline L Kamath, Rauri CK Bowie, Ran Nathan

PMID：35687561；DOI：10.1111/tbed.14610

He tino mōrearea te huaketo rewharewha manu (AIV) ki te hauora o ngā kararehe me ngā tāngata puta noa i te ao. I te mea ka horapa te AIV e ngā manu wai mohoao puta noa i te ao, he mea nui te tirotiro i te horapa o te AIV i roto i ngā taupori mohoao kia mārama ai ki te horapa o ngā mate me te matapae i ngā pakarutanga o ngā mate i roto i ngā kararehe kāinga me ngā tāngata. I roto i tēnei rangahau, i wehea te momo AIV H4N6 mō te wā tuatahi mai i ngā tauira paru o ngā parera matomato mohoao (Anas platyrhynchos) i Iharaira. Ko ngā hua phylogenetic o ngā ira HA me NA e whakaatu ana he whanaunga tata tēnei momo ki ngā motumotu o Ūropi me Āhia. I te mea kei te taha o te ara heke o te Arctic-Awherika o Waenganui a Iharaira, e whakaarohia ana ko te momo i whakaurua mai e ngā manu heke. I whakaatuhia e te tātari phylogenetic o ngā ira o roto o te motumotu (PB1, PB2, PA, NP, M me NS) he nui te whanaungatanga phylogenetic ki ētahi atu momo AIV, e whakaatu ana kua puta he huihuinga whakakotahitanga o mua i roto i tēnei motumotu. He nui te tere honohono o tēnei momo AIV H4N6, ka taea e ia te pangia ngā poaka hauora me te here i ngā kaiwhakawhiwhi tangata, ā, ka pā mai pea he mate zoonotic ā muri ake nei.

Ngā Pūrongo 02

He tirohanga whānui mō te rewharewha manu i te EU, Maehe-Hune 2022

Mana Haumaru Kai o Ūropi, Te Pokapū Ārai me te Whakahaere Mate o Ūropi, Te Taiwhanga Tohutoro mō te Rewharewha Manu o te Kotahitanga o Ūropi

PMID：35949938；PMCID：PMC9356771；DOI：10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7415

I te tau 2021-2022, ko te rewharewha manu tino mate (HPAI) te mate urutā tino kino rawa atu i Ūropi, me te 2,398 ngā pakarutanga manu i roto i te 36 whenua Ūropi, ā, i patua ai te 46 miriona manu. I waenganui i te 16 o Poutū-te-rangi me te 10 o Hune 2022, e 28 ngā whenua EU/EEA me te UK 1 182 ngā momo huaketo rewharewha manu tino mate (HPAIV) i wehea mai i ngā heihei (750 ngā take), i ngā kararehe mohoao (410 ngā take) me ngā manu herehere (22 ngā take). I roto i te wā e arotakehia ana, 86% o ngā pakarutanga heihei i ahu mai i te tuku HPAIV, ko Wīwī te 68% o ngā pakarutanga heihei katoa, ko Hanekari te 24% me ngā whenua kē atu i pāngia mō te iti iho i te 2% ia. Ko Tiamana te whenua i nui rawa ngā pakarutanga i roto i ngā manu mohoao (158 ngā take), ā, whai muri ko Hōrana (98 ngā take) me te UK (48 ngā take).

E whakaatu ana ngā hua o ngā tātaritanga ira ko te HPAIV e noho whānuitia ana i Ūropi i tēnei wā, nō te whānuitanga 2.3.4 b. Mai i te pūrongo whakamutunga, e whā ngā mate H5N6, e rua ngā mate H9N2 me e rua ngā mate H3N8 kua pūrongohia ki Haina, ā, kotahi te mate H5N1 kua pūrongohia ki te USA. I aromatawaihia te mōrearea o te mate he iti mō te taupori whānui, ā, he iti ki te taurite mō ngā taupori e pāngia ana e te mahi i roto i te EU/EEA.

 Ngā Pūrongo 03

Ka pāngia te ira HA e ngā whakarerekētanga ira i ngā toenga 127, 183 me te 212

Te ātete ki te mate, te whakaputa uri me te mate o te huaketo rewharewha manu H9N2

Menglu Fan，Bing Liang，Yongzhen Zhao，Yaping Zhang，Qingzheng Liu，Miao Tian，Yiqing Zheng，Huizhi Xia，Yasuo Suzuki，Hualan Chen，Jihui Ping

PMID：34724348；DOI：10.1111/tbed.14363

Ko te momo H9N2 o te huaketo rewharewha manu (AIV) tētahi o ngā momo matua e pā ana ki te hauora o te umanga heihei. I roto i tēnei rangahau, e rua ngā momo o te momo H9N2 AIV he rite te ira engari he rerekē te antigenicity, ko A/chicken/Jiangsu/75/2018 (JS/75) me A/chicken/Jiangsu/76/2018 (JS/76), i wehea mai i tētahi pāmu heihei. I whakaatuhia e te tātari raupapatanga he rerekē ngā toenga waikawa amino e toru (127, 183 me te 212) o te haemagglutinin (HA) i roto i te JS/75 me te JS/76. Hei tūhura i ngā rerekētanga o ngā āhuatanga koiora i waenga i te JS/75 me te JS/76, e ono ngā huaketo recombinant i hangaia mā te whakamahi i tētahi huarahi ira whakamuri me te A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (PR8) hei mekameka matua. I whakaatuhia e ngā raraunga mai i ngā whakamātautau whakaeke heihei me ngā whakamātautau HI ko r-76/PR8 te mea i tino kitea te mawhititanga antigenic nā ngā whakarerekētanga waikawa amino i ngā tūranga 127 me te 183 i roto i te ira HA. ​​I whakaūhia e ngā rangahau anō ko te glycosylation i te pae 127N i puta i roto i te JS/76 me ōna mutants. I whakaatuhia e ngā whakamātautau here kaiwhiwhi ko ngā huaketo recombinant katoa, engari ko te mutant 127N glycosylation-deficient, he ngāwari te here ki ngā kaiwhiwhi humanoid. I whakaatuhia e ngā whakamātautau tipu me ngā whakamātautau whakaeke kiore he iti ake te whakaputa uri o te huaketo 127N-glycosylated i roto i ngā pūtau A549, ā, he iti ake te mate i roto i ngā kiore ki te whakataurite ki te huaketo momo-mohoao. Nō reira, ko te glycosylation me ngā whakarerekētanga waikawa amino i roto i te ira HA te take o ngā rerekētanga o te antigenicity me te pathogenicity o ngā momo H9N2 e 2.

Puna: Te Pokapū Hauora Kararehe me te Mate Urutā o Haina